ACI 309.2R 15:2015 Edition
$28.98
309.2R-15 Guide to Identification and Control of Visible Surface Effects of Consolidation on Formed Concrete Surfaces
Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
ACI | 2015 | 16 |
This document provides guidelines for identifying and controlling visible effects on the surface of concrete as it relates to consolidation on precast or cast-in-place-formed concrete surfaces. A perfectly homogenous and blemish-free concrete element is difficult, if not impossible, to achieve. This document, therefore, does not define an acceptable level of quality, as this should be defined in the contract documents. This guide explores the direct and indirect cause-and-effect relationships, as well as other factors, concerning concrete surface appearance. Photographs are included in this document to illustrate typical concrete surface finish effects that are a departure from absolute perfection. Negative surface effects in concrete can be minimized by proper planning during the design and specification stages. Significant consolidation factors that minimize undesirable concrete negative surface effects are also discussed. Keywords: bugholes; consistency; consolidation; construction joints; discoloration; form offset; formwork (construction); layer lines; mixture proportioning; plastic settlement cracking; preplaced-aggregate concrete; quality control; sand streaking; surface air voids; surface defects; vibration; workability.
PDF Catalog
PDF Pages | PDF Title |
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3 | TITLE PAGE |
4 | CHAPTER 1āINTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 1.1āIntroduction 1.2āScope CHAPTER 2āDEFINITIONS 2.1āDefinitions CHAPTER 3āFACTORS CAUSING NEGATIVE SURFACE EFFECTS 3.1āGeneral causes of negative surface effects 3.2āDesign considerations of structural members |
6 | 3.3āSpecifications 3.4āForms |
8 | 3.5āProperties of fresh concrete |
9 | 3.6āPlacement 3.7āConsolidation 3.8āSpecial construction conditions |
10 | CHAPTER 4āNEGATIVE SURFACE EFFECTS 4.1āHoneycomb 4.2āAir voids in formed surfaces 4.3āFormstreaking 4.4āAggregate transparency 4.5āColor variation |
11 | 4.6āSand streaking 4.7āLayer lines 4.8āForm offsets 4.9āPlastic settlement cracking CHAPTER 5āMINIMIZING NEGATIVESURFACE EFFECTS |
12 | CHAPTER 6āCONCLUSION CHAPTER 7āREFERENCES Cited references |