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BSI PD IEC/TS 63291-2:2023

BSI PD IEC/TS 63291-2:2023

$215.11

High voltage direct current (HVDC) grid systems and connected converter stations. Guideline and parameter lists for functional specifications – Parameter lists

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2023 94
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PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 CONTENTS
11 FOREWORD
13 INTRODUCTION
14 1 Scope
2 Normative references
15 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
16 Figures
Figure 1 – Definition of the point of connection-AC and the point of connection-DC at an AC/DC converter station
18 Figure 2 – Rigid bipolar HVDC system
19 3.2 Abbreviated terms
20 4 Coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems
4.1 About HVDC grids
4.2 HVDC grid structure
4.3 Purpose of the HVDC grid and power network diagram
21 4.4 AC/DC power flow optimisation
Tables
Table 1 – Nomenclature of HVDC circuit topologies
Table 2 – Active and reactive power characteristics for a given AC system voltage operating range of an AC/DC converter station
23 4.5 Converter operational functions
4.5.1 Basic operation functions – Converter normal operation state
Table 3 – Parameters of an HVDC transmission line
Table 4 – Parameter list for AC system frequency following a frequency / power droop operation of an AC/DC converter station
24 4.5.2 Basic operation functions – Converter abnormal operation state
Table 5 – Parameter list for DC voltage / DC power droop operation of an AC/DC converter station
Table 6 – Parameters describing the operation conditions of the AC network at an AC/DC converter station prior to and after a fault
25 Table 7 – Time requirements for power restoration in the event of temporary faults
Table 8 – AC undervoltage ride through requirements for an AC/DC converter station
26 4.5.3 Ancillary services
Figure 3 – Generic AC over- and undervoltage ride through profile of an AC/DC converter station: Different values can be specified for symmetrical and asymmetrical faults
Table 9 – AC overvoltage ride through requirements for an AC/DC converter station
27 Table 10 – Coordination of power associated with primary frequency control
28 Table 11 – FCR parameters for an AC/DC converter station, parameters for active power frequency response in FSM
29 Table 12 – Voltage range capability parameters for an AC/DC converter station
Table 13 – Reactive power capability parameters for an AC/DC converter station
Table 14 – Parameters describing electromechanical oscillations
30 5 HVDC grid characteristics
5.1 HVDC circuit topologies
5.1.1 Availability and reliability
5.1.2 Basic characteristics and nomenclature
Table 15 – Parameters describing post-fault active power recovery at an AC/DC converter station
Table 16 – Characteristics of the HVDC grid
31 5.1.3 Attributes of HVDC grids or HVDC grid subsystems
5.1.4 Attributes of an HVDC station
Table 17 – DC circuit earthing parameters
32 5.2 Connection modes
5.3 Grid operating states
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Normal state
5.3.3 Alert state
5.3.4 Emergency state
5.3.5 Blackout state
5.3.6 Restoration
Table 18 – Parameters for each return path
33 5.4 DC voltages
5.4.1 General
Figure 4 – Temporary DC pole to earth voltage profiles at a PoC-DC
34 5.4.2 Nominal DC system voltage
5.4.3 Steady-state DC pole voltage
5.4.4 Temporary DC pole voltage
Table 19 – Nominal DC system voltage at a PoC-DC
Table 20 – DC pole voltage range parameters at a PoC-DC of an HVDC station – Steady-state
Table 21 – DC pole voltage range parameters at a PoC-DC of an HVDC station – Temporary undervoltages
35 5.4.5 DC neutral bus voltage
Table 22 – DC pole voltage range parameters at a PoC-DC of an HVDC station – Temporary overvoltages
36 Figure 5 – Generic neutral bus voltage profile at a PoC-DC
Table 23 – DC neutral bus voltage range parameters
37 5.5 Insulation coordination
5.6 Short-circuit characteristics
5.6.1 Calculation of short-circuit currents in HVDC grids
Table 24 – Insulation levels at a PoC-DC
Table 25 – Maximum converter current of an HVDC station into the HVDC grid
38 Table 26 – Component data – Earthing branch
Table 27 – Component data – Standalone DC capacitors and DC filters of an HVDC station
Table 28 – Component data – DC line reactors of an HVDC station
Table 29 – Component data – DC lines (OHL, cable including electrode lines)a
39 5.6.2 Short-circuit current design requirements
5.7 Steady-state voltage and current distortions
5.7.1 Emissions and impacts
Figure 6 – Standard approximation function
Table 30 – Short-circuit current parameters at a PoC-DC
40 Table 31 – Equivalent impedances for calculating voltage and current distortions at a PoC-DC
Table 32 – Pre-existing DC voltage and current distortions at a PoC-DC
Table 33 – Planning levels and permissible DC voltage and current distortions at a PoC-DC
41 5.7.2 Rights and obligations of a connectee
5.7.3 Similarities between HVDC grids and AC networks
5.7.4 Voltage and current distortion limits
5.7.5 Allocation of limits to individual connectees
5.7.6 Frequency-dependent DC system impedance
5.8 DC system restoration
5.8.1 General
Table 34 – Coupling factors for calculating voltage distortions at a remote bus caused by emissions at a PoC-DC
Table 35 – Specification of DC system impedance
42 5.8.2 Post-DC fault recovery
5.8.3 Restoration from blackout
6 HVDC grid control
6.1 Closed-loop control functions
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Core control functions
6.1.3 Coordinating control functions
6.2 Controller hierarchy
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Internal converter control
6.2.3 DC node voltage control
43 6.2.4 Coordinated HVDC grid control
Figure 7 – Typical DC node voltage control modes (illustration in DC voltage/power plane)
Table 36 – DC node voltage control parameters
44 Table 37 – System state variables and equipment status signals (interface list)
Table 38 – General interface (signal list) for autonomous adaption control rules
45 Table 39 – General interface (signal list) for defining an observation
Table 40 – General interface (signal list) for defining countermeasures of rules
46 6.2.5 AC/DC grid control
6.3 Propagation of information
Table 41 – Interface parameters required from the HVDC grid control layer
Table 42 – General interface (signal list) for orders from TSOs
47 Figure 8 – Generation of final converter schedules including converter control modes and its parameters
Table 43 – General interface (signal list) defining a “converter schedule”
48 Figure 9 – Propagation of switching commands to individual HVDC stations
Table 44 – General interface (signal list) defining “switching commands”
49 Table 45 – General signal interface (physical quantities) of the “station information”
50 6.4 Open-loop controls
6.4.1 Coordination of connection modes between HVDC stations and their PoC-DC
6.4.2 Operating sequences for HVDC grid installations
Figure 10 – Operating sequences as transitions between operating states
Table 46 – General signal interface (control parameters) of the “station information”
51 6.4.3 Post-DC fault recovery
7 HVDC grid protection
7.1 General
7.2 DC fault separation
Table 47 – Unified description of operating sequences
Table 48 – Parameters for recovery sequences after DC line faults
52 7.3 Protection system related installations and equipment
7.3.1 AC/DC converter station
7.3.2 HVDC grid topology and equipment
7.4 HVDC grid protection zones
7.4.1 General
Table 49 – Example of an HVDC grid protection zone matrix
Table 50 – DC protection parameter list
53 Figure 11 – Example voltage and current traces in the event of “permanent stop”
54 Figure 12 – Example voltage and current traces in the event of “temporary stop P”
55 7.4.2 Permanent stop P
Figure 13 – Example voltage and current traces in the event of “continued operation”
56 7.4.3 Permanent stop PQ
7.4.4 Temporary stop P
7.4.5 Temporary stop PQ
7.4.6 Continued operation
7.4.7 Example of a protection zone matrix
57 7.5 DC protection
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 DC converter protections
7.5.3 HVDC grid protections
7.5.4 HVDC grid protection communication
8 AC/DC converter stations
8.1 Purpose
8.2 AC/DC converter station types
8.3 Overall requirements
8.3.1 Robustness of AC/DC converter stations
Table 51 – DC converter protection parameter list
58 8.3.2 Availability and reliability
8.3.3 Active power reversal
8.4 Main circuit design
8.4.1 General characteristics
Table 52 – Converter station topology
59 8.4.2 DC side
Table 53 – Energy dissipation/absorption capability at a PoC
60 Table 54 – DC connection modes of the AC/DC converter station
Table 55 – DC circuit re-configuration time requirements
61 Table 56 – Repetition of DC fault events and recovery attempts
62 Table 57 – DC circuit energisation
Table 58 – Connecting the AC/DC converter station
Table 59 – Disconnecting the AC/DC converter station
63 Table 60 – DC circuit de-energisation
64 8.4.3 AC side
8.5 HVDC grid control and protection interface
65 8.6 Controls
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Automated vs manual operation
8.6.3 Control modes and support of coordination
Table 61 – Parameters for the automatic control interface of the AC/DC converter station according to standard protocols
Table 62 – Parameters for the automatic control interface of the AC/DC converter station according to proprietary protocols
66 8.6.4 Limitation strategies
Table 63 – Parameters for the available control modes of the AC/DC converter station
67 8.6.5 Operating sequences for AC/DC converter station
8.6.6 Dynamic behaviour
Table 64 – Limitation strategies
Table 65 – Operating states and transitions for the AC/DC converter station
68 8.7 Protection
8.7.1 General
8.7.2 Configuration requirements
8.7.3 Function requirements
8.7.4 Fault separation strategy for faults inside the AC/DC converter station
8.7.5 Coordination of the DC protection with the HVDC grid
8.7.6 Example for coordination of the DC protection with the HVDC grid
9 HVDC grid installations
9.1 General
9.2 DC switching station
9.2.1 Purpose
Table 66 – Protection coordination of the AC/DC converter station and the HVDC grid (for main and backup concept including the separation concept and the FSD)
69 9.2.2 Overall requirements
9.2.3 Main circuit design
Table 67 – DC switching station topology
70 Table 68 – Temporary energy dissipation/absorption capability of the DC switching station
Table 69 – Power flow controlling capability of a DC SU
71 Table 70 – DC connection modes of a DC SU for PoC-DCx
Table 71 – DC circuit re-configuration time requirements
73 Table 72 – Repetition of DC fault events and recovery attempts
74 Table 73 – DC circuit energisation
Table 75 – Disconnecting the DC switching station
75 Table 76 – DC circuit de-energisation
76 9.2.4 HVDC grid control and protection interface
77 9.2.5 Controls
Table 77 – Parameters for the automatic control interface of the DC switching station according to standard protocols
Table 78 – Parameters for the automatic control interface of the DC switching station according to proprietary protocols
78 Table 79 – Parameters for the available control modes of the DC switching station
79 Table 80 – Limitation strategies
80 9.2.6 Protection
Table 81 – Operating states and transitions for a SU of the DC switching station
81 9.3 HVDC transmission lines
9.3.1 Purpose
9.3.2 Overall requirements
Table 82 – Protection coordination of the DC switching station and the HVDC grid (for main and backup concept including the separation concept and the FSD)
82 9.3.3 Main circuit design
Table 83 – DC line power transmission parameters for the transmission line including all different HVDC transmission line sections, if any
84 9.3.4 HVDC grid control and protection interface
Table 84 – Frequency range for specification of DC system impedance
85 9.3.5 Controls
9.3.6 Protection
9.4 DC/DC converter stations
86 10 Studies and associated models
10.1 General
10.2 Description of studies
10.2.1 General
10.2.2 HVDC grid planning studies
10.2.3 HVDC grid design studies
10.2.4 HVDC grid extension studies
10.2.5 Studies for HVDC grid installation refurbishments and other modifications
10.3 Models and interfaces
10.3.1 General
Table 85 – Parameters defining the model generalities
87 10.3.2 Model interfaces and integration compatibility
10.3.3 Model capability
10.3.4 Model format
Table 86 – Parameters to characterize the model capability
Table 87 – Parameters to define the model format
88 10.3.5 Model maintenance and portability
10.3.6 Model aggregation
10.3.7 Model testing and validation
Table 88 – Parameters defining the model aggregation
Table 89 – Parameters defining the model validation
89 11 Testing
11.1 General
Table 90 – Parameters for testing
Table 91 – Minimum set of parameters to be defined for all test scenarios
90 11.2 Off-site testing
11.2.1 General
11.2.2 Factory system tests
11.3 On-site testing
91 Bibliography

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BSI PD IEC/TS 63291-2:2023
$215.11