This Standard establishes requirements and methods for specifying and testing the performance of CNC lathes and turning centers. In addition to clarifying the performance evaluation of lathes and turning centers, this Standard seeks to facilitate performance comparisons between machines by unifying terminology, general machine classification, and the treatment of environmental effects. The Standard defines testing methods capable of yielding adequate performance results for the majority of turning centers and is not intended to replace more complete tests. It is not the intent of this Standard to place limits on, or to enforce 100%-testing of, any individual machine tool in accordance with this Standard. This shall be the subject of contractual agreement between the Supplier and the User.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | COMMITTEE ROSTER \n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE B5 COMMITTEE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 1 SCOPE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | Forms \n FORM 1 MACHINE DESCRIPTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | FORM 2 ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS GUIDELINES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | FORM 3 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS (SECTION 6) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | FORM 4 MACHINE PERFORMANCE (SECTION 7) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | FORM 5 COAXIALITY OF AXES OF ROTATION (PARA. 8.2) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | FORM 6 SUBSYSTEMS REPEATABILITY (PARA. 8.3) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | FORM 7 CNC PERFORMANCE TESTS (PARA. 8.5) FORM 8 MACHINE PERFORMANCE AS A MEASURING TOOL (PARA. 8.6) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 2 REFERENCES 3 NOMENCLATURE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | 4 DEFINITIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | Figures \n Fig. 4-1 The Six Basic Error Motions of an Axis of Rotation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | Fig. 4-2 Error Motion Polar Plot Showing a Polar Chart Center, a Least-Squares-Circle Center, and Error Motion Values About These Centers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | Fig. 4-3 An Example of a Structural Loop Showing a Workpiece, Spindle, Machine Bed, and Tool <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | 5 ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS 5.1 General 5.2 Temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | 5.3 Seismic Vibration 5.4 Electrical <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | 5.5 Utility Air 5.6 Other 6 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS 6.1 General 6.2 Environmental Thermal Test and Computations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 46<\/td>\n | Fig. 6.2.1.4-1 Setup Showing Two Displacement Sensors Used to Measure the Environmental TemperatureVariation Error (ETVE) Between a Nominal Tool Location and a Work Spindle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | Fig. 6.2.1.4-2 Setup Showing Three Displacement Sensors Used to Measure the Environmental TemperatureVariation Error (ETVE) Between a Nominal Tool Location and a Work Spindle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | Fig. 6.2.1.4-3 Graph of Environmental Temperature Variation Error (ETVE) Data Fig. 6.2.1.6-1 Setup Showing Five Displacement Sensors Used to Measure the Environmental Temperature Variation Error (ETVE) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | Tables Table 6.2.2.1-1 Specification Zones Derated Due to an Excessive Expanded Thermal Uncertainty <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 51<\/td>\n | 6.3 Relative Vibration Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 52<\/td>\n | 6.4 Electrical Tests Table 6.3.1-1 Performance Parameters Derated Due to Excessive Environmental Vibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | 6.5 Utility Air and Other Tests 7 MACHINE PERFORMANCE 7.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | 7.2. Positioning Accuracy and Repeatability,Linear Axes Fig. 7.2.3-1 Typical Setup for a Laser Interferometer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 57<\/td>\n | Table 7.2.7-1 Typical Test Results (Test for Linear Axis up to 2 m) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 58<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.2.7-1 The Full Data Set for the Positioning Deviations of an Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 59<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.2.7-2 Positioning Deviations of an Axis, Forward Direction Only <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 60<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.2.8-1 Periodic Error of a Linear Axis (Unidirectional) Table 7.2.7.9-1 Conversion Factors for Graphically Estimating Standard Uncertainty <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 61<\/td>\n | 7.3 Straightness Error Fig. 7.3.1.1-1 Setup for Measuring Straightness Using an Electronic Indicator and a Mechanical Straightedge <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 62<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.3.1.2-1 Test Setup for Measuring Straightness Using a Taut Wire <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 63<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.3.1.3-1 Test Setup for Measuring Straightness Using an Alignment Laser Fig. 7.3.1.4-1 Typical Straightness Interferometer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 64<\/td>\n | 7.4 Angular Error (Yaw) Motions, Linear Axes 7.5 Positioning Accuracy and Repeatability,Rotary Axes Fig. 7.3.2-1 Typical Plot Showing Straightness Data With the Straightness for a Particular Axis Clearly Labeled <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 65<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.4.1-1 Typical Setup for Measuring the Angular Error Motion (Yaw) of the Cross-Slide on a Group 1 Machine <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 66<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.5.2-1 Schematic for the Measurement of Angular Positioning Using an Indexing Table and a Laser Interferometer Fig. 7.5.2-2 Setup for Adjusting the Alignment of an Indexing Table and a Laser Angle Interferometer <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 68<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.5.4-1 A Polygon Mounted to a Spindle Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 69<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.5.5-1 Typical Setup for Measuring the Angular Positioning Accuracy of a Rotary Axis Using an Angular Encoder <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 70<\/td>\n | 7.6 Spindle Axis of Rotation Fig. 7.5.8.2-1 Typical Setup for Periodic Angular Error Measurement Using Mechanical Means <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 72<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.6.3-1 Test Setups for Measuring Spindle Error Motions in the Case of Fixed Sensitive Direction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 74<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.6.4-1 Test Setup for Measuring Spindle Error Motions in the Case of Rotating Sensitive Direction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 75<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.6.4-2 Spindle Test Setup With an Eccentric Ball <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 76<\/td>\n | 7.7 Machine Thermal Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 77<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.7.2.1-1 Sensor Data From a Typical Spindle Thermal Warm-Up Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 78<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.7.2.1-2 Tilts of the Axis Average Line, Spindle Warm-Up Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 79<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.7.3.1-1 Path for Measuring Thermal Distortion Caused by Moving Linear Axes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 80<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.7.3.2-1 Position Error Versus Time for a Typical Test for Thermal Distortion Caused by a Moving Linear Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 81<\/td>\n | 7.8 Critical Alignments <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 82<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.7.4.1-1 Typical Results From a Composite Thermal Error Test Table 7.7.4.3-1 Typical Presentation of Results From Composite Thermal Error Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 84<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.2.1-1 Setup for Measuring Squareness of the Cross-Slide to the Work Spindle Using a Mechanical Straightedge Fig. 7.8.2.1-2 Schematic Showing the Angles Involved When Measuring Cross-Slide Squareness to the Spindle Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 85<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.2.1-3 Typical Data From a Cross-Slide Out-of-Squareness Measurement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 86<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.2.2-1 Two Views of the Cylinder Used for Measuring Machine Out-of-Squareness and Parallelism <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 87<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.2.2-2 Part-Trace Test Past Centers to Determine Cross-Slide Squareness With the Spindle Axis Fig. 7.8.2.2-3 Typical Data From a Cross-Slide Out-of-Squareness Measurement by Part Tracing Past Center <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 88<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.2.3-1 Cylinder Reversal for Cross-Slide Squareness Fig. 7.8.3.1-1 Setup for Straightedge Rotation on a Vertical Spindle Lathe for Measuring Z-Axis Parallelism to the C-Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 89<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.3.1-2 Setup for Straightedge Rotation on a Horizontal Spindle Lathe for Measuring Z-Axis Parallelism to the C-Axis Fig. 7.8.3.2-1 Z-Slide Parallelism Schematic Showing the Test Cylinder <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 90<\/td>\n | 7.9 Contouring Performance Using Circular Tests Fig. 7.8.3.2-2 Typical Data From a Parallelism Measurement Using the Turned Cylinder Method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 91<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.4-1 Dual Straightness Measurement for Parallelism Fig. 7.8.4-2 Graphing of Both Straightness Measurements for Twice the Angle of Parallelism <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 92<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.8.4-3 Setup for Measuring Long-Range Parallelism of the Z-Axis in the Case of a Vertically Traversing Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 93<\/td>\n | 7.10 Cutting Performance Tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 94<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.9.2-1 Typical Setup for a 360-deg Ball Bar Test Fig. 7.9.2-2 Typical Results From a 360-deg Ball Bar Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 95<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.9.3-1 Typical Ball Bar Setup for the 190-deg Test on a Lathe Fig. 7.9.3-2 Typical Results From a 190-deg Ball Bar Test on a Lathe <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 96<\/td>\n | 7.11 Multifunction Cycle Test Fig. 7.9.4-1 Typical Ball Bar Setup for a 100-deg Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 97<\/td>\n | Fig. 7.9.4-2 Typical Results of a 100-deg Ball Bar Test Table 7.9.5-1 Typical Results of a Ball Bar Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 98<\/td>\n | 8 MACHINE PERFORMANCE (ADDITIONAL) 8.1 General 8.2 Coaxiality of Axes of Rotation Fig. 7.10.2-1 A Typical Plot of the Power Loss in the Spindle Idle Run Loss Test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 99<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.2-1 Illustration of Angularity and Offset Between Two Axes of Rotation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 100<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.2.1-1 Typical Setup for the Rim-and-Face Test Fig. 8.2.1-2 Setup for Measuring the Sag of a Pair of Indicators <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 101<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.2.2-1 Typical Setup for the Reverse Indicator Method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 102<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.2.3-1 Rotation Axes Alignment Using an Optical Alignment Laser <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 103<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.2.4-1 Two-Sphere Setup for the Alignment of Two Rotation Axes Fig. 8.2.5-1 Schematic of the Measurement of Parallelism of the Z-Axis to the Axis of a Movable Tail Stock <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 104<\/td>\n | 8.3 Subsystems Repeatability Fig. 8.2.5.1-1 Setup for Measuring Tail Stock Alignment Using the In-Feed (Z) Axis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 105<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.3.1-1 Tool Holders Used for Tool-Change Repeatability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 106<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.3.2-1 Example Tool Holders to Be Used for Turret Repeatability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 107<\/td>\n | 8.4 Repeatability, Location, and Drift of Tool-Setting System(s) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 108<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.4.2-1 Test Part for Determining the Location of a Tool-Setting System and Tool-Setting-System Drift <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 109<\/td>\n | 8.5 CNC Performance Tests 8.6 Machine Performance as a Measuring Tool <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 110<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.6.2-1 Approximate Location of Probed Points, Depending on Probe Configuration, When Measuring a Machined Test Part <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 111<\/td>\n | Fig. 8.6.3-1 Approximate Location of Probed Points, Depending on Probe Configuration, When Measuringa Test Sphere <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 112<\/td>\n | 8.7 Machining Test Parts 8.8 Parametric Tests 9 TEST EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION 9.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 113<\/td>\n | 9.2 Temperature 9.3 Relative Vibration 9.4 Displacement 9.5 Angle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 114<\/td>\n | 9.6 Pressure 9.7 Humidity 9.8 Utility Air 9.9 Spindle Error Measurement 9.10 Straightness Measurements 9.11 Test Part Measurement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 115<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDICES \n NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A GUIDE FOR USING THE DRAFT TURNING CENTER STANDARD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 116<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B 1-DAY TEST FOR MACHINE PERFORMANCE <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 117<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C THERMAL ENVIRONMENT VERIFICATION TESTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 119<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D SEISMIC VIBRATION VERIFICATION TESTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 123<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E ELECTRICAL POWER VERIFICATION TESTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 124<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F MACHINE FUNCTIONAL TESTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 126<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G MACHINE LEVELING AND ALIGNMENT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 127<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX H COMPLIANCE AND HYSTERESIS CHECKS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 130<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX I LASER AND SCALE CORRECTIONS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 131<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX J DRIFT CHECKS FOR SENSORS, INCLUDING LASERS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 134<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX K THE PART-TRACE TEST <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 135<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX L DISCUSSION OF THE UNDE AND THERMAL UNCERTAINTY <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 140<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX M CALCULATION OF UNCERTAINTIES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 144<\/td>\n | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX N SIGN CONVENTIONS FOR ERROR VALUES <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" ASME B5.57 Methods for Performance Evaluation of Computer Numerically Controlled Lathes and Turning Centers<\/b><\/p>\n |