{"id":239721,"date":"2024-10-19T15:41:01","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T15:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bsi-pd-iec-tr-626692019\/"},"modified":"2024-10-25T10:23:40","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T10:23:40","slug":"bsi-pd-iec-tr-626692019","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bsi-pd-iec-tr-626692019\/","title":{"rendered":"BSI PD IEC TR 62669:2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

This document, which is a Technical Report, presents a series of case studies in which electromagnetic (EM) fields are evaluated in accordance with IEC 62232:2017. The case studies presented in this document involve intentionally radiating base stations (BS). The BS transmit on one or more antennas using one or more frequencies in the range 110 MHz to 100 GHz and RF exposure assessments take into account the contribution of ambient sources at least in the 100 kHz to 300 GHz frequency range.<\/p>\n

Each case study has been chosen to illustrate a typical BS evaluation scenario and employs the methods detailed in IEC 62232:2017. The case studies are provided for guidance only and are not a substitute for a thorough understanding of the requirements of IEC 62232:2017. Based on the lessons learned from each case study, recommendations about RF assessment topics to be considered in the next revision of IEC 62232 are proposed. The methodologies and approaches described in this document are useful for the assessment of early 5G products introduced for consumer trials or deployments.<\/p>\n

This document provides background and rationale for applying a compliance approach based on the actual maximum transmitted power or EIRP. Guidance for collecting and analysing information about the transmitted power of a base station and evaluating its actual maximum RF exposure based on modelling studies or measurement studies on operational sites (in networks, sub-networks or field trials) is also presented.<\/p>\n

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nundefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\nINTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/td>\n1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Physical quantities
4.2 Constants
4.3 Abbreviated terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n5 Overview of case studies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nTables
Table 1 \u2013 Outline of RF exposure assessment case studies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n6 Indoor small cell product compliance assessment using SAR measurements
6.1 General description
6.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
6.2.1 Evaluation process
Figures
Figure 1 \u2013 Tested local area BS product with two radios denoted RF1 and RF2
Table 2 \u2013 ICNIRP RF exposure limits relevant for the product compliance assessment (from [8]) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/td>\n6.2.2 Methodology
Figure 2 \u2013 Definition of cylindrical RF compliance boundary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n6.2.3 Reporting
6.3 Technical outcome
6.4 Lessons learned
Table 3 \u2013 Dimensions of the cylindrical-shaped RF compliance boundary for general public (GP) and occupational (O) exposure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n7 Outdoor small cell product compliance assessment using SAR measurements
7.1 General description
7.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
7.2.1 Evaluation process
Figure 3 \u2013 Small remote radio equipment at 3,5 GHz (EUT antenna) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\n7.2.2 Methodology
7.2.3 Reporting
7.3 Technical outcome
7.4 Lessons learned
8 Small cell product installation compliance assessment using simplified installation criteria
8.1 General description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n8.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
8.2.1 Evaluation process
Figure 4 \u2013 Simplified process for product installation complianceapplicable to small cells
Table 4 \u2013 Typical examples of small cell configurations (from [18]) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/td>\n8.2.2 Methodology
8.2.3 Reporting
8.3 Technical outcome
Figure 5 \u2013 Overview of BS installation classes for simplifiedRF exposure assessment of small cells <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/td>\n8.4 Lessons learned
9 Small cell site in-situ measurements
9.1 General description
9.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017 for measurement Campaign A
9.2.1 Evaluation process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n9.2.2 Methodology
Figure 6 \u2013 Illustration of small cells integration in street furniture <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\n9.2.3 Reporting
9.3 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017 for measurement Campaign B
9.3.1 General description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n9.3.2 Case B (comprehensive exposure evaluation)
Figure 7 \u2013 Photographs of typical examples of the three small cell site groups <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\n9.3.3 Reporting
9.4 Lessons learned
10 Street cell product compliance assessment using SAR measurements and power density spatial averaging
10.1 General description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n10.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
10.2.1 Evaluation process
10.2.2 Methodology
Figure 8 \u2013 Omni-directional antenna connected to the street cell product <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n10.2.3 Reporting
10.3 Technical outcome
10.4 Validation study
10.4.1 Validation process
Figure 9 \u2013 Vertical scan lines for spatially averaged field strength measurements
Table 5 \u2013 General public compliance distances for the street cell BSwith omni-directional antenna <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n10.4.2 Comparison of spatial average field strength and whole-body SAR results
10.5 Lessons learned
11 Macro site in-situ measurements
11.1 General description
Table 6 \u2013 Street cell EMF compliance assessment comparison: general public (adult) compliance distances based on SAR and field strength <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n11.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
11.2.1 Evaluation process
Figure 10 \u2013 View from the measurement location to the BS
Table 7 \u2013 Operators and technologies present on the BS site <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n11.2.2 Methodology
11.2.3 Reporting
11.3 Technical outcome
11.4 Lessons learned
12 Macro site in-situ measurements using drones
12.1 General description
Table 8 \u2013 Measurement results for 1,5 m above relative ground level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n12.2 Implementation
12.2.1 Evaluation system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n12.2.2 Evaluation process and methodology
12.2.3 Reporting
12.3 Technical outcome
Figure 11 \u2013 Drone used for field measurements around the BS site
Table 9 \u2013 The measurement results of the measurement points <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n12.4 Lessons learned
13 RF exposure assessment based on actual maximum transmitted power or EIRP
13.1 General guidelines
13.1.1 Technical background and rationale <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
42<\/td>\nFigure 12 \u2013 Empirical CDFs of transmitted power (normalized) for different environments in 3G network in India [31]
Figure 13 \u2013 Empirical CDFs of combined transmitted power (normalized)for a 2G\/3G\/4G network in Sweden [32] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\nFigure 14 \u2013 Extrapolation factor of the power flux density S(t) of the different signals and the Stotal(t) (all bands) with a sliding time averaging of 6 min applied to the measurements [27] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n13.1.2 Guiding principles for conducting RF exposure assessment based on the actual maximum approach
13.1.3 EIRP evaluation assumptions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n13.1.4 Technology duty cycle factor assumptions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\nFigure 15 \u2013 Generic structure of a base station transmitted RF signal frame <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n13.1.5 Expected outcome of actual maximum approaches
13.2 Modelling studies for BS using mMIMO
13.2.1 Guiding principles
13.2.2 Simulation model parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\nTable 10 \u2013 Relevant parameters for conducting RF exposure modelling studies of a massive MIMO site or site cluster <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n13.2.3 Modelling case study A
Table 11 \u2013 Relevant parameters for conducting RF exposure assessment of massive MIMO site according to simulation method A (from [33]) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\nFigure 16 \u2013 Fraction of the total power transmitted in the broadside beam direction for rural and urban scenarios <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n13.2.4 Modelling case study B
Figure 17 \u2013 CDF of the power reduction factor for rural and urban installation scenarios <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\nTable 12 \u2013 Relevant parameters for conducting RF exposure assessmentof a massive MIMO site or site cluster according to simulation method B (from [35]) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n13.2.5 Modelling case study C
Figure 18 \u2013 CDF of the normalized transmitted power for both UMa and UMi
Table 13 \u2013 Summary of the percentiles of the normalized transmitted power and compliance distances for a UMa scenario from 3GPP TR 36.873 [6]and 3GPP TR 38.901 [7] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\nTable 14 \u2013 Relevant parameters for conducting RF exposure assessment of massive MIMO site according to simulation method C (from [36]) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n13.2.6 Lessons learned
Figure 19 \u2013 Relationship between additional power reduction factor and CDF as a function of number of beams (number of incoherent areas) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n13.3 Measurement studies on operational sites with BS using mMIMO
13.3.1 Guiding principles
13.3.2 Measurement campaign parameters
Table 15 \u2013 Measurement campaign parameters for conducting RF exposure assessment of a massive MIMO site or site cluster <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n13.3.3 Experiment process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n13.3.4 Examples of RF exposure experiments
Table 16 \u2013 Measurement campaign parameters for RF exposure validation of several massive MIMO sites and site clusters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\nFigure 20 \u2013 CDF of measurement on 8-cell cluster (experiment #1)
Table 17 \u2013 Actual maximum values for experiment #1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\nFigure 21 \u2013 CDF in high-traffic conditions (experiment #5)
Table 18 \u2013 Actual maximum values for experiment #5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n13.3.5 Lessons learned
Table 19 \u2013 Summary of actual maximum power results based on measurements from different sites and clusters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n13.4 Configurations with multiple transmitters
13.4.1 Guiding principles for configurations with multiple transmitters
13.4.2 Rationale
Table 20 \u2013 Quantiles of the reference Beta distribution used to assess power combination factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nFigure 22 \u2013 CDF of the reference Beta distribution used to assess power combination factors
Figure 23 \u2013 CDF resulting from the combination of two independent transmitters having the reference Beta distribution <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n13.4.3 Power combination factors applicable to configurations with multiple transmitters
Table 21 \u2013 Percentiles resulting from the combination of 2 to 5 independent transmitters having the reference Beta distribution
Table 22 \u2013 Power combination factors applicable to the normalized transmitted power CDF in case of combination of multiple independent identical transmitters
Table 23 \u2013 Power combination factors applicable to two independent transmitters with a ratio p in amplitude <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n13.4.4 Lessons learned
14 Macro BS with massive MIMO product compliance assessment
14.1 General description
Figure 24 \u2013 5G BS product <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n14.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
14.2.1 Evaluation process
14.2.2 Methodology
Figure 25 \u2013 Box-shaped RF compliance boundary
Table 24 \u2013 RF EMF exposure limits relevant for the product compliance assessment [8] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\n14.2.3 Reporting
14.3 Technical outcome
Table 25 \u2013 Dimensions of the box-shaped RF compliance boundary for general public (GP) and occupational (O) exposure for an actual maximum transmitted power configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n14.4 Lessons learned
15 Macro site with massive MIMO product installation compliance assessment
15.1 General description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n15.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
15.2.1 Evaluation process
15.2.2 Methodology
Figure 26 \u2013 Outline of the 5G site
Table 26 \u2013 RF EMF exposure limits relevant for the compliance assessment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n15.2.3 Reporting
15.3 Technical outcome
Figure 27 \u2013 Top view of the exclusion zones (red: occupational, yellow: general public) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n15.4 Lessons learned
16 Small cell products at millimetre-wave frequency using massive MIMO
16.1 General description
Figure 28 \u2013 Side view of the exclusion zones (red: occupational, yellow: general public) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n16.2 Indoor product installation case study
16.2.1 Product configurations
16.2.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
Figure 29 \u2013 Indoor site with 5G small cell product at millimetre-wave frequency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n16.2.3 Technical outcome
16.2.4 Lessons learned
16.3 In-situ measurement case study
16.3.1 Product configurations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
76<\/td>\n16.3.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
Figure 30 \u2013 Outdoor site with 5G small cell product at millimetre-wave frequency installed on a 44 m radio tower <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n16.3.3 Technical outcome
Table 27 \u2013 Measurement results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\nFigure 31 \u2013 Map of the outdoor measurement locations
Figure 32 \u2013 Outdoor measurement location 1
Figure 33 \u2013 Outdoor measurement location 2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n16.3.4 Lessons learned
17 Wireless link with parabolic dish antenna product compliance assessment
17.1 General description <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n17.2 Implementation of IEC 62232:2017
17.2.1 Evaluation process
Figure 34 \u2013 Typical radio transmitters using parabolic dish antennas
Table 28 \u2013 RF EMF exposure limits relevant for the product compliance assessment (from [8]) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n17.2.2 Methodology
17.2.3 Reporting
17.3 Technical outcome
Figure 35 \u2013 Cylindrical shape RF compliance boundary <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\nTable 29 \u2013 Examples of radio relay configurations with parabolic dish antennas below 10 GHz
Table 30 \u2013 Examples of radio relay configurations with parabolic dish antennas above 10 GHz <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\n17.4 Lessons learned <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nAnnexes
Annex A (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Indoor small cell product compliance assessment using SAR measurements” (Clause 6)
A.1 Technical details
A.2 Test report
Table A.1 \u2013 Technical data for the EUT
Table A.2 \u2013 EUT configuration with rated maximum transmitted power level and maximum transmitted power levels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
85<\/td>\nAnnex B (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Outdoor small cell product compliance assessment using SAR measurements” (Clause 7)
B.1 Physical parameters of the EUT antenna
B.2 Measurement set-up
Table B.1 \u2013 Physical parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\nB.3 Measurement results
B.4 Test report
Figure B.1 \u2013 Views of the SAR measurement setup
Figure B.2 \u2013 Characteristics of SAR of EUT antennas as a function of separation distance at 3,5 GHz <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nAnnex C (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Small cell product installation compliance assessment using simplified installation criteria” (Clause 8)
C.1 3GPP categories of base stations
C.2 E0 installation class case study \u2013 Touch compliant
Table C.1 \u2013 Range of transmitted power classes for 3G and 4G base stations (from 3GPP TS 25.104 [16] and 3GPP TS 36.104 [17])
Table C.2 \u2013 Example of product parameters for an E0 installation class <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\nC.3 E2 installation class case study
Figure C.1 \u2013 Example of an E0 installation class configuration
Table C.3 \u2013 Example of product parameters for an E2 installation class <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\nC.4 E10 installation class case study
Figure C.2 \u2013 Example of an E2 installation class configuration
Table C.4 \u2013 Example of product parameters for an E10 installation class <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\nC.5 E100 installation class case
Figure C.3 \u2013 Example of layout design for an E10 installation class configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\nTable C.5 \u2013 Example of product parameters for an E100 installation class <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\nC.6 E+ installation class case study
Figure C.4 \u2013 Example of layout design for an E100 installation class configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\nTable C.6 \u2013 Example of product parameters for an E+ installation class <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\nFigure C.5 \u2013 Example of layout design for an E+ installation class configuration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\nAnnex D (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Small cell site in-situ measurements” (Clause 9)
D.1 General description and note
D.2 Technical information and results for measurement Campaign A
Table D.1 \u2013 Main characteristics of the two trials of measurement Campaign A <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\nFigure D.1 \u2013 Mean value of E-field measurements with broadbandequipment at intermediate points for each site
Figure D.2 \u2013 Maximum global E-field values measured in close proximity to the sites <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\nFigure D.3 \u2013 Consistency analysis between Case A and Case B (without extrapolation) results
Figure D.4 \u2013 Contribution of mobile services compared to Case B results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nFigure D.5 \u2013 Routes used for walk-tests around each site on both trials
Figure D.6 \u2013 Cumulative distribution function of the upload throughput on Trial 1 normalized by the maximum value measured on each site when the small cells are off (left) and of the transmitted power by the handset (right) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\nFigure D.7 \u2013 Cumulative distribution function of the upload throughput on Trial 2 normalized by the maximum value measured on each site when the small cells are off (left) and of the transmitted power by the handset (right)
Figure D.8 \u2013 Cumulative distribution functions of the power transmittedby the handset during voice calls on Trial 2 when small cells are on and off <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nD.3 Technical information for measurement Campaign B
D.3.1 General description
D.3.2 Measurement process
Table D.2 \u2013 Country and site groups of the sites in measurement Campaign B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nD.3.3 Results
Table D.3 \u2013 The predefined services configured in the measurement equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nFigure D.9 \u2013 Results of the measurements around the selected sites
Figure D.10 \u2013 Comparison between Campaign B results and other countrywide measurement campaigns <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\nD.3.4 Measurement uncertainty
D.3.5 Test report for measurement Campaign B <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\nAnnex E (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Street cell product compliance assessment using SAR measurements and power density spatial averaging” (Clause 10) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nAnnex F (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Macro site in-situ measurements” (Clause 11)
F.1 Technical information used for performing the tests
F.2 Test report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nAnnex G (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Macro site in-situ measurements using drones” (Clause 12)
G.1 Technical parameters of the measurement system
G.2 Technical parameters of the drone
G.3 Description of the BS measurement site
Table G.1 \u2013 The information of the components in the measurement system
Table G.2 \u2013 The parameters of the drone <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\nG.4 Technical details of the measurement process
Figure G.1 \u2013 Photograph of test site
Table G.3 \u2013 The base station parameters
Table G.4 \u2013 The measurement steps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\nFigure G.2 \u2013 The measurement system
Figure G.3 \u2013 The route of the drone during the flight <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\nFigure G.4 \u2013 The drone is hovering at measurement point 1
Figure G.5 \u2013 The drone is hovering at measurement point 2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/td>\nG.5 Software interface of the drone-based measurement system
G.6 Considerations for performing RF exposure measurements using drones
Figure G.6 \u2013 Operating interface of the drone-based measurement system software <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112<\/td>\nAnnex H (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Macro BS with massive MIMO product compliance assessment” (Clause 14)
H.1 Technical details
Table H.1 \u2013 Technical data for the EUT
Table H.2 \u2013 Properties of the antenna used <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\nH.2 Test report
Table H.3 \u2013 EUT configuration with rated maximum transmitted power level and actual maximum transmitted power level including a power tolerance of 1 dB <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\nAnnex I (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Macro site with massive MIMO product installation compliance assessment” (Clause 15)
I.1 Description of the site
Figure I.1 \u2013 Rooftop scheme <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\nI.2 Description of the EUT
Figure I.2 \u2013 Geometry of the rooftop installation
Table I.1 \u2013 Properties of the installed base stations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\nI.3 Evaluation procedure
I.4 Calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\nFigure I.3 \u2013 Compliance boundaries for general public (yellow) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\nFigure I.4 \u2013 Compliance boundaries for occupational exposure (red) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\nI.5 Interpretation of the results
I.6 Test report
Table I.2 \u2013 RF EMF exposure limits and product installation compliance assessment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\nAnnex J (informative)Technical information supporting the case study “Small cell products at millimetre-wave frequency using massive MIMO” (Clause 16) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\nAnnex K (informative)Revised flow chart for the simplified RF exposure assessment of BS using parabolic dish antennas (Clause 17) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\nFigure K.1 \u2013 Revised flow chart for the simplified assessment of RF compliance boundary in the line of sight of a parabolic dish antenna <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Case studies supporting IEC 62232. Determination of RF field strength, power density and SAR in the vicinity of radiocommunication base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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