{"id":445495,"date":"2024-10-20T08:42:05","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T08:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bsi-pd-iec-ts-63291-12023\/"},"modified":"2024-10-26T16:11:35","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T16:11:35","slug":"bsi-pd-iec-ts-63291-12023","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bsi-pd-iec-ts-63291-12023\/","title":{"rendered":"BSI PD IEC\/TS 63291-1:2023"},"content":{"rendered":"

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nundefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nCONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nINTRODUCTION <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\n1 Scope
2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/td>\n3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/td>\nFigures
Figure 1 \u2013 Definition of the point of connection-AC and the point of connection-DC at an AC\/DC converter station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/td>\nFigure 2 \u2013 Rigid bipolar HVDC system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n3.2 Abbreviated terms
4 Coordination of HVDC grid and AC systems
4.1 About HVDC grids <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n4.2 HVDC grid structure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n4.3 Purpose of the HVDC grid and power network diagram
Figure 3 \u2013 Schematic structure of an HVDC grid <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\n4.4 AC\/DC power flow optimisation
Figure 4 \u2013 Example of a PQ-diagram showing the active vs reactive power exchange capability of an AC\/DC converter station for a given AC voltage level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/td>\n4.5 Converter operational functions
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Basic operation functions \u2013 Converter normal operation state <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n4.5.3 Basic operation functions \u2013 Converter abnormal operation state <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/td>\n4.5.4 Ancillary services
Figure 5 \u2013 Generic AC over- and under voltage ride through profile of an AC\/DC converter station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\nFigure 6 \u2013 Example of an active power frequency response capability of an AC\/DC converter station in frequency sensitive mode (FSM) with zero deadband and insensitivity with a positive active power setpoint; FSM in this figure shall be understood as FCR <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n5 HVDC grid characteristics
5.1 HVDC circuit topologies
5.1.1 Availability and reliability
5.1.2 Basic characteristics and nomenclature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/td>\nTables
Table 1 \u2013 Nomenclature of HVDC circuit topologies
Table 2 \u2013 HVDC circuit topologies \u2013 HVDC grid characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\nTable 3 \u2013 HVDC circuit topologies \u2013 HVDC station characteristics at a PoC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/td>\nFigure 7 \u2013 Example of an HVDC grid in 2DCe topology with different AC\/DC converter station topologies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\n5.1.3 Attributes of HVDC grids or HVDC grid subsystems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\n5.1.4 Attributes of an HVDC station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\n5.2 Connection modes
5.3 Grid operating states
5.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n5.3.2 Normal state
5.3.3 Alert state
5.3.4 Emergency state
5.3.5 Blackout state
5.3.6 Restoration
5.4 DC voltages
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Nominal DC system voltage
Figure 8 \u2013 Operating states <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\n5.4.3 Steady-state DC pole voltage
5.4.4 Temporary DC pole voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\n5.4.5 DC neutral bus voltage
Figure 9 \u2013 Generic temporary DC pole to earth voltage profiles in HVDC grids <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
41<\/td>\n5.5 Insulation coordination
5.6 Short-circuit characteristics
5.6.1 Calculation of short-circuit currents in HVDC grids
Figure 10 \u2013 Generic neutral bus voltage profile <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
43<\/td>\n5.6.2 Short-circuit current design requirements
5.7 Steady-state voltage and current distortions
5.7.1 Emissions and impacts
Figure 11 \u2013 Standard approximation function <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
44<\/td>\n5.7.2 Rights and obligations of a connectee
Figure 12 \u2013 Equivalent circuit, defining the relationship between voltage and current distortions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
45<\/td>\n5.7.3 Similarities between HVDC grids and AC networks
Figure 13 \u2013 Disturbance level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n5.7.4 Voltage and current distortion limits
Figure 14 \u2013 Planning level and headroom <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n5.7.5 Allocation of limits to individual connectees
5.7.6 Frequency-dependent DC system impedance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n5.8 DC system restoration
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Post-DC fault recovery
5.8.3 Restoration from blackout <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n6 HVDC grid control
6.1 Closed-loop control functions
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Core control functions
6.1.3 Coordinating control functions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/td>\n6.2 Controller hierarchy
6.2.1 General
Figure 15 \u2013 General controller hierarchy with typical time ranges of operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
51<\/td>\n6.2.2 Internal converter control
6.2.3 DC node voltage control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n6.2.4 Coordinated HVDC grid control
Figure 16 \u2013 Typical DC node voltage control modes (illustration in DC voltage\/power plane) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n6.2.5 AC\/DC grid control <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n6.3 Propagation of information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\nFigure 17 \u2013 Generation of final converter schedules including converter control modes and its parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n6.4 Open-loop controls
6.4.1 Coordination of connection modes between HVDC stations and their PoC-DC
Figure 18 \u2013 Propagation of switching commands to individual HVDC stations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n6.4.2 Operating sequences for HVDC grid installations
6.4.3 Post-DC fault recovery
Figure 19 \u2013 Typical operating sequences for transitions between operating states of HVDC grid, HVDC grid subsystem or HVDC grid installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\n7 HVDC grid protection
7.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n7.2 DC fault separation
7.3 Protection system related installations and equipment
7.3.1 AC\/DC converter station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n7.3.2 HVDC grid topology and equipment
7.4 HVDC grid protection zones
7.4.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\nFigure 20 \u2013 Example illustrating the concept of HVDC grid protection zones in HVDC grids
Table 4 \u2013 DC fault separation concepts of HVDC grids or parts thereof defined at a PoC-AC or PoC-DC respectively <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n7.4.2 Permanent stop P <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nFigure 21 \u2013 Example of voltage and current traces in the event of “permanent stop” <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n7.4.3 Permanent stop PQ <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n7.4.4 Temporary stop P <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nFigure 22 \u2013 Example voltage and current traces in the event of “temporary stop P” <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n7.4.5 Temporary stop PQ <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\n7.4.6 Continued operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\nFigure 23 \u2013 Example voltage and current traces in the event of “continued operation” <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n7.4.7 Example of a protection zone matrix
Table 5 \u2013 HVDC grid protection zone matrix <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n7.5 DC protection
7.5.1 General
Figure 24 \u2013 Example of an HVDC grid protection zone layout <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\n7.5.2 DC converter protections
7.5.3 HVDC grid protections <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n7.5.4 HVDC grid protection communication
8 AC\/DC converter stations
8.1 Purpose
8.2 AC\/DC converter station types
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 AC\/DC converter station type 1 (AC\/DC type 1)
8.2.3 AC\/DC converter station type 2 (AC\/DC type 2) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n8.2.4 AC\/DC converter station type 3 (AC\/DC type 3)
8.2.5 AC\/DC converter station type 4 (AC\/DC type 4)
8.2.6 AC\/DC converter station type 5 (AC\/DC type 5)
8.3 Overall requirements
8.3.1 Robustness of AC\/DC converter stations
Figure 25 \u2013 AC\/DC converter station types in the U\/I diagram <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n8.3.2 Availability and reliability
8.3.3 Active power reversal
8.4 Main circuit design
8.4.1 General characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
81<\/td>\n8.4.2 DC side <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
82<\/td>\nFigure 26 \u2013 Example of a BRO AC\/DC converter station with connected BRZ DC switching station. The AC\/DC converter station is of bipolar topology. Its adjacent DC switching station connects two bipolar transmission circuits with DMR in this example <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
83<\/td>\nTable 6 \u2013 DC Connection modes of an AC\/DC converter station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nTable 7 \u2013 DC circuit re-configuration requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\n8.4.3 AC side <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n8.5 HVDC grid control and protection interface
8.6 Controls
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Automated vs manual operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
91<\/td>\n8.6.3 Control modes and support of coordination
8.6.4 Limitation strategies
8.6.5 Operating sequences for AC\/DC converter stations
Figure 27 \u2013 Operating states and transitions for AC\/DC converter stations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\n8.6.6 Dynamic behaviour <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n8.7 Protection
8.7.1 General
8.7.2 Configuration requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
95<\/td>\n8.7.3 Function requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n8.7.4 Fault separation strategy for faults inside the AC\/DC converter station <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\n8.7.5 Coordination of the DC protection with the HVDC grid
8.7.6 Example for coordination of the DC protection with the HVDC grid <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nTable 8 \u2013 Example protection coordination of AC\/DC converter station 1 and HVDC grid (for main and backup concept including the separation concept and the FSD) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n9 HVDC grid installations
9.1 General
Figure 28 \u2013 Example illustrating the coordination of the DC protection of AC\/DC converter station 1 with the HVDC grid <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nTable 9 \u2013 Functions changing operating states <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nTable 10 \u2013 Functions of grid operation
Table 11 \u2013 Protective functions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\n9.2 DC switching station
9.2.1 Purpose
9.2.2 Overall requirements
9.2.3 Main circuit design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nFigure 29 \u2013 Example of a BRZ DC switching station. The DC switching station connects two bipolar transmission circuits with DMR and an AC\/DC converter station of bipolar topology <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
107<\/td>\nTable 12 \u2013 Connection modes of the bipolar DC SU of Figure 29 connecting a PoC-DC of an HVDC transmission line <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
108<\/td>\nTable 13 \u2013 Connection modes of the bipolar DC SU of Figure 29 connecting a PoC-DC of an AC\/DC converter station (x = 1)
Table 14 \u2013 Normally used DC circuit reconfiguration time requirements for the DC SU example of Figure 29 (PoC-DC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\n9.2.4 HVDC grid control and protection interface <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\n9.2.5 Controls <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\n9.2.6 Protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\n9.3 HVDC transmission lines
9.3.1 Purpose
9.3.2 Overall requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n9.3.3 Main circuit design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\n9.3.4 HVDC grid control and protection interface
9.3.5 Controls
9.3.6 Protection <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\n9.4 DC\/DC converter stations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\n10 Studies and associated models
10.1 General
10.2 Description of studies
10.2.1 General
10.2.2 HVDC grid planning studies <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n10.2.3 HVDC grid design studies
10.2.4 HVDC grid extension studies
10.2.5 Studies for HVDC grid installation refurbishments and other modifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\n10.3 Models and interfaces
10.3.1 General
10.3.2 Model interfaces and integration compatibility
10.3.3 Model capability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\n10.3.4 Model format
10.3.5 Model maintenance and portability
10.3.6 Model aggregation
10.3.7 Model testing and validation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\n11 Testing
11.1 General
11.2 Off-site testing
11.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\n11.2.2 Factory system tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
129<\/td>\nFigure 30 \u2013 Example test environment based on complete C&P equipment represented as hardware <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\nFigure 31 \u2013 Example test environment partly based on C&P equipment as hardware and the remaining C&P equipment as functional software-in-the-loop model with two alternatives for representing the HVDC grid controller <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\nFigure 32 \u2013 Example test environment based on complete C&P equipment represented as functional software-in-the-loop model <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
132<\/td>\nFigure 33 \u2013 Example test environment dedicated to test the HVDC grid controller, based on complete C&P equipment represented as functional software-in-the-loop model and HVDC grid controller as hardware <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\n11.3 On-site testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

High voltage direct current (HVDC) grid systems and connected converter stations. Guideline and parameter lists for functional specifications – Guideline<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2023<\/td>\n136<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":445506,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-445495","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-bsi","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/445495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/445506"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=445495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=445495"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=445495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}