{"id":557443,"date":"2024-11-05T18:18:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-05T18:18:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/esdu-090122009\/"},"modified":"2024-11-05T18:18:02","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T18:18:02","slug":"esdu-090122009","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/esdu\/esdu-090122009\/","title":{"rendered":"ESDU 09012:2009"},"content":{"rendered":"

INTRODUCTION<\/strong><\/p>\n

Parachutes are usually soft fabric devices whose shapes have
\nbeen designed to produce, upon deployment, a retarding force for
\nthe purpose of slowing and\/or stabilising a given payload during
\nits movement through the air. The word parachute<\/i> itself
\ncomes from the combination of the French words parare<\/i>, to
\nprotect or shield, and chute<\/i>, the fall; the combination of
\nwords in \u2018parachute'<\/i> actually means "fall protection". The
\nmain design criteria are that when stowed it should have minimal
\nmass and occupy minimal space, and upon deployment it should
\nreliably open within an acceptable time frame with acceptable
\ntransitional loads, and provide the desired rate of descent with an
\nacceptable level of stability.<\/p>\n

In the development of this Item it has been borne in mind that
\nthe end user would most likely be an aeronautical engineer or
\nstudent with little or no previous knowledge of parachute
\naerodynamics or design. The aim is to provide such a reader with a
\nbasic grounding of the aerodynamic principles of parachutes and
\nsome familiarisation with the design solutions that have been
\nexecuted to date. The Item does not aim to be a design guide; the
\ndesign process is one which involves much multi-disciplinary
\nknowledge, of which aerodynamics is just one component; structural
\nconsiderations, weight, packaging, operational requirements and
\ncost may all have a strong, if not decisive, bearing on the final
\noutcome. Furthermore, it is clear that parachute systems tend to be
\nrather individualistic in nature and evolve largely from extensive
\nexperimental programmes, both captive and free flight, together
\nwith large computer models and, in some instances, CFD
\nsimulation.<\/p>\n

The design and development of most parachute systems is in fact
\nundertaken by a small number of specialist organisations and
\npractitioners, whose publications, both corporate and personal, are
\nthe sources of information contained herein. The aim of this Item
\nis to provide a basic introduction into this highly specialised
\nfield, with emphasis on applications relating to the airframe
\nindustry, not only as an introductory overview but in two
\nparticular areas that have been identified as most likely to be of
\ninterest; the choice and sizing of aircraft braking and spin
\nrecovery parachutes. Although far from exhaustive, these subjects
\nare covered in sufficient detail to offer some basic canopy size
\nand selection guidance.<\/p>\n

Section 3 provides a brief historical r\u00e9sum\u00e9 of parachute design
\nand usage to the present day. Section 4 outlines the main parachute
\ndesigns and provides basic aerodynamic, geometric and performance
\ndata for each type; it also provides definitions of the main
\ngeometric and aerodynamic parameters. Section 5 covers the effects
\nof the main flow and geometric parameters and Section 6 describes
\nthe inflation process and drag area control methods, cluster
\nparachute systems and pilot parachutes. Section 7 provides an
\nintroduction to stability, the added mass approximation and
\ntrajectory analysis, and Section 8 covers the specific applications
\nof parachutes to vehicle braking, spin and deep stall recovery,
\nordnance stabilisation, emergency escape systems, supersonic
\ndeceleration and load extraction.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aerodynamics of parachutes<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ESDU<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2009-08-01<\/td>\n62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":557449,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2675],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-557443","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-esdu","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/557443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/557449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=557443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=557443"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=557443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}